Water scarcity for agriculture, the annual variability in rainfall, the negative effects of climate change and urbanization, expanding in fruitful trees cultivation, at the expense of land suitable for the cultivation of field crops, are among the most important reasons for the decrease in the production of these crops and the decline in their cultivation.

To increase productivity of field crops and encourage their cultivation, the directorate conducts applied and basic agricultural research through research projects on breeding, genetic improvement and management of field crops, especially for wheat and barley, as well as chickpeas and lentils, by evaluating varieties and breeds and select the suitable to farmers. The Directorate also carries out research on the use of modern agricultural technologies in crop management and co - work with farmers to conserve and better use plant resources. Research outputs increase productivity and sustainability while conserving natural resources, therebyimproving farms' living standards

Objectives:

Optimize the use of rainwater and efficiency increase to obtain the highest economic yield of agricultural production under rain-fed farming conditions.

. Increase the productivity agricultural unit l increase self-sufficiency.

Develop, protect and optimize agricultural resources to sustain their long-term productivity.

. Increase economic efficiency when exploiting agricultural resources.

Integrate plant production with livestock production

. Reduce loss in agricultural products arising from harvesting or damage caused by, insects and plant diseases.

. Increase the farm's income and improve farmer's standard of living by increasing the farm's productive capacity